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المقاصة - نص المعيار

IM Research
By IM Research
6 years ago
المقاصة - نص المعيار


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  1. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﹼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ ))‪((٤‬‬ ‫‪ ..١‬ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﺑﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻈﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٢‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﺇﺳﻘﺎﻁ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ١/٢‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﻮ ﹰﺑﺎ)‪ (١‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻊ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ‪ :‬ﺟﺒﺮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﻠﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻖ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﹰ‬ ‫‪ ١/١/٢‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺳــﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴــﻦ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺒﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺏ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪١١٣‬‬
  2. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ ٢/١/٢‬ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﺃ( ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜــﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺩﺍﺋﻨﹰــﺎ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ ﻭﻣﺪﻳﻨﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻮﻋــﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻔﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺴــﺎ‪ ،‬ﹰ‬ ‫)ﺏ( ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜــﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﺴــﺎﻭﻳﻴﻦ ﹰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺟﻴﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻠــﻮﻻ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﻨﹰﺎ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﻀﺮﺭ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫)ﺝ( ﺃﻻ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﻖ ﻟﻠﻐﻴﺮ؛ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﻬﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺩ( ﺃﻻ ﻳﺘﺮﺗــﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﺤﻈﻮﺭ ﺷــﺮﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٣/١/٢‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻄﻠﺐ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻀــﻞ ﻭﺗﻨﺎﺯﻟﻪ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻮﺍﺀ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﺃﻡ ﺃﺑﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٤/١/٢‬ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﺃ( ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺩﺍﺋﻨﹰﺎ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ ﻭﻣﺪﻳﻨﹰﺎ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺏ( ﺭﺿــﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺤــﻖ ﺍﻷﻓﻀــﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻋــﻦ ﺣﻘﻪ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺄﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻮﺛ ﹰﻘﺎ ﺑﺮﻫﻦ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﺎﻟــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺄﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﺃﻗﺼﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺟﻼ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﺣﺎﻻ ﻭﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‬ ‫‪١١٤‬‬
  3. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﹼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ ))‪((٤‬‬ ‫)ﺝ( ﺗﻤﺎﺛﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨــﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﻨﹰﺎ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺩ( ﺃﻻ ﻳﺘﺮﺗــﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻــﺔ ﻣﺤﻈﻮﺭ ﺷــﺮﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺷﺒﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٢/٢‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ١/٢/٢‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺳــﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴــﻦ ﺑﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٢/٢/٢‬ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﺃ( ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺩﺍﺋﻨﹰﺎ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ ﻭﻣﺪﻳﻨﹰﺎ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺏ( ﺭﺿﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺝ( ﺃﻻ ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﺤﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﺮﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺮﺑﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺒﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٣/٢/٢‬ﺗﺠــﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻨــﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔــﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻞ؛ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﻳﻌﺪ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﺯﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻨﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻠﻴــﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺠﻮﺯ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﻭﻳﺤﻖ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪) ١٠‬ﺃ( ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻳــﺎﺩﺓ )ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪ ‪١٠/٢‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺟﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼﺕ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪١١٥‬‬
  4. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ - ٣‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻋﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻋﺪﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻭﻋﻤﻼﺋﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮ￯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪ ١/٢‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪ ‪.٢/٢‬‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻋﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﻃﺆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺴﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‪ ،‬ﹰ‬ ‫‪ - ٤‬ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ١/٤‬ﺍﺷــﺘﺮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺌﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺟﻠــﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻــﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴــﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑـ)‪.(Set-off and consolidation‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻁ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻘﺪ ﹰﻣﺎ ﻳﻐﻨﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻀﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٢/٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴــﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺸــﻴﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﻌﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺑﺤﺴــﺐ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ ﺷــﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﺣﺪﺍﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٣/٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﻴــﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴــﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ ﺍﻟﺸــﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤــﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤــﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺴــﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﺻــﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪١١٦‬‬
  5. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﹼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ ))‪((٤‬‬ ‫‪ - ٥‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻳﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﺠﻮﺯ »ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻳﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ« )‪ (swaps‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ؛ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﺑﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺳﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﺑﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ - ٦‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫‪٢٠٠١‬ﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫‪١٤٢٢‬ﻫـ = ‪ ٢٣‬ﺃﻳﺎﺭ )ﻣﺎﻳﻮ( ‪٢٠٠١‬‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ‪ ٢٩‬ﺻﻔﺮ ‪١٤٢٢‬ﻫـ‬ ‫‪١١٧‬‬