Challenges Islamic Banking To Conventional (collected)

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1. c ÖPwjZ e¨vswKs‡K P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡Q Bmjvgx e¨vswKs ‡mevi gvb, evRvigyLx BmjvwgK cY¨ I Avw_©K gvb`‡Û GLb cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs‡qi wewfbœ m~PK‡K P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡Q BmjvwgK e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v| bvbvgyLx e¨vswKs‡qi cY¨ cÖPviYvq BmjvwgK e¨vswKs cY¨ GLb A‡bK †ewk evRviwfwËK| †`‡ki e¨vsK e¨e¯’vq Bmjvgx e¨vswKs KvVv‡gvq gReyZ wfwË iwPZ n‡q‡Q| ˆewk¦K e¨vswKs gvb`‡Ûi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs‡qi m‡½ GLb cvjøv w`‡q Pj‡Q Bmjvgx e¨vsK| d‡j †`‡ki e¨vswKs Lv‡Z Bmjvgx e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v GLb me‡P‡q Av¯’vi cÖv‡qvwMK e¨emvwqK gvb`Û n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| †hLv‡b e¨vsK-MÖvnK m¤úK© QvovI jvf-‡jvKmv‡bi Askx`vwiZ¡ i‡q‡Q| g~jZ, e¨emvwqK KvVv‡gvq gybvdv Avni‡Yi evB‡iI jvf-‡jvKmv‡bi Askx`vwi‡Z¡I wfwˇZ M‡o IVv Bmjvgx e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v AvR‡Ki cÖPwjZ my`wfwËK e¨vswKs e¨e¯’vi †P‡q A‡bK †ewk RbwcÖq gybvdvwbf©I Av¯’vi gva¨g n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| G‡`‡ki e¨vswKs Lv‡Zi ‡gvU Avgvb‡Zi g‡a¨ GKKfv‡e Bmjvgx e¨vsK¸‡jvi Avgvb‡Zi cwigvY `uvwo‡q‡Q cÖvq 25 kZvsk| idZvwb, Avg`vwb, †iwgU¨vÝ AvniYmn wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î cÖPwjZ e¨vsK¸‡jvi e¨vswKs Kvh©µ‡gi †P‡q Bmjvgx e¨vs¸‡jvi Ae¯’vb GLb A‡bK †ewk gReyZ| eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs KvVv‡gvq ivóª Lv‡Zi e¨vsK¸‡jv‡Z Zvij¨ msKU fqven AvKvi aviY K‡i‡Q| †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi e¨vsK¸‡jv‡ZI GKB Ae¯’v weiRgvb| we‡`kx e¨vsK¸‡jvi Znwej MvUwZ †bB, KviY Zviv cwiPvwjZ nq wfbœ †`k †_‡K| myZivs kvLv e¨vsK wn‡m‡e Zviv Zv‡`i cÖavb Kvh©vjq †_‡K mn‡hvwMZv †c‡q _v‡Kb| Gme wP‡Îi KvB‡I e¨wZµg ïay Bmjvgx e¨vsK¸‡jv| †`‡k cwiPvwjZ Bmjvgx Bmjvgx e¨vsK¸‡jvi Znwej NvUwZi cwie‡Z© eis DØ„Ë i‡q‡Q| G QvovI gy`ªv evRv‡I Bmjvgx e¨vsK¸‡jvi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z c„_K Av`‡j Mf‡g©‡›U wmwKDwi‡U‡R †UªRvwi we‡ji weavb ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z e¨vsK¸‡jvi mswewae× Zij m¤ú` (GmGjAvi) Rgv †i‡L gybvdv Avni‡Yi my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K cÖPwjZ e¨vsK¸‡jv †UªRvwi wej I †UªRvwi e‡Û AskMÖn‡Yi cvkvcvwk ˆ`bw›`b wfwˇZ Znwej NvUwZ `~I Ki‡Z Kjgvwb‡Z (AvšÍ:e¨vsK †jb‡`‡b ¯^í mg‡qi Rb¨ aviv my‡`I nvi) AskMÖnY K‡I _v‡K| Gi ciI e¨vsK¸‡jv‡Z Zvij¨ msKU Ae¨vnZ _v‡K| KviY Zv‡`i Kv‡Q gybvdv AviYB gyL¨| wKš‘ Bmjvgx e¨vsK¸‡jv cÖwZwU AvwZ©K eQ‡ii †k‡l hLb wn‡me mg¤œq Kiv nq ZLb cÖK…Z gybvdvi nvi‡K w¯’I Kiv nq| Avi GB w¯’iK…Z nvi †_‡K hw` cÖwZkÖæZ mvgwqK gybvdvi nvi Kg nq Z‡e Zv mgš^‡qi gva¨‡g MÖvnK‡`I wnmv‡e †cÖiY Kiv nq, Avi hw` †ewk nq Z‡e e¨vsK KZ©cÿ Zv †diZ bv wb‡q MÖvnK‡`I ÕGnmvbÕ K‡I †`q| AímsL¨K Bmjvgx e¨vsK‡K eis AwaKmsL¨K cÖPwjZ e¨vs‡Ki wecix‡Z GKUv Zxeª cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi ga¨ w`‡q e¨emv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡”Q| Zv Qvov Bmjvgx e¨vsK¸‡jv A‡bK †ewk mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡ m‡PZb weavq Zv‡I e¨vqI †ewkB ej‡Z n‡e| Avm‡j e¨vcviUv n‡”Q Bmjvgx e¨vsK¸‡jvi wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v‡`i mZZv, wbôv, MÖvnK‡`i Av¯’v Ges wbqgvbyewZ©Zv mewKQz wgwj‡qB AvR‡Ki GB mvdj¨| Bmjvgx e¨vsK cÖwZwôZ nIqvi AviI A‡bK KviY| †hgb-kwiqv KviY Avi GKwU Av_© mvgvwRK KviY| GB c×wZ gy`ªvõxwZ †iva K‡i| Rgv`vZvi Ici mywePvi Drcv`bkxj LvZ‡K mnvqZv `vb, gyR``vix I gybvdvKvix cÖwZ‡ivaKvix cÖwZ‡iva, Mwie †jvK‡`I m&fv_© msiÿY, wewb‡qvM e„w× K‡i| D‡`¨v³v m„wó K‡I Ges `ÿ nv‡Z cuywR AR©b I e¨emv-ewYR¨ mvdj¨ Avbqb K‡I _v‡K| Bmjvgx e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v cwiPvwjZ nq kwiqvwfwËK jvf-‡jvKmv‡bi Askx`vwi‡Z¡I wfwˇZ, cÿvšÍ‡I cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v cwiPvwjZ nq my‡`I wfwˇZ| Bmjvgx e¨vsK e¨emvq e¨vsK †hLv‡b jv‡fi cvkvcvwk †jvKmv‡bi SuywKI enb K‡I †mLv‡b cÖPwjZ e¨vsK e¨emvq G iKg †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| e¨emvi Ae¯’v hvB †nvK bv †Kb my` I Avmj Aek¨B wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e| Bmjvgx e¨vsK e¨emv cwiPvwjZ nq A‡_©I Ic‡i| m‡e©vcwi Bmjvgx e¨vswKs e¨emv n‡”Q †KviAvb I mybœvnwfwËK Ges Bmjvgx e¨vsK Zvi m¤ú‡`I Ici kZKiv AvovB fvM wn‡m‡e hvKZ cÖ`vb K‡I _v‡K| cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs e¨emvq G e¨e¯’v †bB| e¨vsK Ges MÖvnK‡`i g‡a¨ Askx`vixii wfwˇZ e¨emvq cwiPvjbvi †h bwRiwenxb `„óvšÍ Bmjvgx e¨vs‡K we`¨gvb| GUv mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi g‡a¨ GKUv åvZ…‡Z¡I eÜb m„wó K‡i‡Q| gvbe Kj¨vY‡K e¨vnZ K‡I Ggb †Kvb Kvh©KjvBcB Bmjvg ei`vkZ K‡iwb| Bmjvgx e¨vswKs‡q †Zv cÖkœB Av‡m bv| gybvdv gIKzd, iæMœ e¨emv cybiæ×v‡i mn‡hvwMZv, wkÿv, ¯^v¯’¨, `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb, mgvR m‡PZbZv, †Ljvayjvmn ARmª wel‡q Bmjvgx e¨vs‡Ki AskMÖnY mwZ¨B cÖksmvi †hvM¨| Bmjvgx e¨vsK Zvi mgv‡Ri Ici hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡I _v‡K| GB hvKvZ cweÎ
2. †KviAv‡b ewY©Z AvUwU Lv‡ZB cÖ`vb Kiv nq, hv gvbe Kj¨v‡Y Ges `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvP‡b GK wekvj f’wgKv iv‡L, hv Ab¨ ‡Kvb cÖPwjZ e¨vs‡K †bB| cÖPwjZ e¨vs‡K MÖvn‡Ki c‡ÿ †Kvb SuywKB enb K‡I bv †mLv‡b Bmjvgx e¨vsK e¨e¯’vi g~jbxwZB n‡”Q Askx`vixi wfwˇZ Kvievi cwiPvjbv Kiv| †h‡nZz Bmjvgx e¨vsK jvf I †jvKmv‡bi Dfq Ae¯’viB `vwqZ¡ enb K‡I, ZvB me mgqB Bmjvgx e¨vswKs †_‡K MÖvnKiv cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs‡qi Zzjbvq †ewk DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡I Ges n‡”Q| g~jZ, GB ¯^vZ¯¿¨ZvB MvnK‡`I gv‡S Bmjvgx e¨vswKs Kvh©µg Mn‡Y e¨vcK AvMÖn ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| Avi Gi cÖgvb n‡”Q Bmjvwgx e¨vswKs‡qi AvR‡Ki GB mvdj¨ hvi g~‡j i‡q‡Q k³ MÖvnK wfwË| Bmjvgx e¨vswKs G nvjvj cš’vq wewb‡qvM myweav Ges bZzb bZzb D‡`¨v³v m„wó I Pµe„w× A‡_© e¨emv cwiPvjbv †_‡K weiZ iv‡L| Bmjvgx e¨vswKs e¨e¯’vqI Mvn‡Ki myweavAmyweav i‡q‡Q| Bmjvgx e¨vswKs e¨e¯’vq †gŠwjK wewb‡qvM c×wZ¸‡jv Askx`vwiwfwËK| GB c×wZ‡Z e¨vsK e¨emvqxi jvf-‡jvKmvb Dfq Ae¯’vq kwiK _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs KvVv‡gv‡Z G ai‡bi wewb‡qvM c×wZi †Kvb ai‡bi my‡hvM †bB| d‡j Bmjvgx e¨vs‡Ki GKRb MÖvnK Zvi FY-Avgvb‡Zi †hme myweav †c‡q _v‡Kb cÖPwjZ e¨vsK e¨e¯’vq Zvi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| Bmjvgx e¨vs‡Ki wewb‡qvM c×wZ¸‡jv D‡`¨v³v m„wó K‡I Ges cuywRnxb †jvK‡K wewb‡qvM myweav w`‡q mgv‡Ri †eKvi †jvK‡`I Kg©ms¯’v‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡i| Bmjvgx e¨vsK ïay GKwU evwYwR¨K cÖwZôvbB bq| eis mvgvwRK DbœwZ‡ZI Gi Ae`vb D‡jøL‡hvM¨| Bmjvgx e¨vsK mvR‡mevg~jK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K cÖPwjZ e¨vsK e¨e¯’vi KvVv‡gv M‡o D‡V‡Q evwYwR¨Kfv‡e mvg‡b †i‡L| d‡j GLv‡b mgvR KvVv‡gvi Dbœq‡b wbt¯^v_© Ae`v‡bi my‡hvM A‡bKvs‡k Kg n‡q _v‡K| Bmjvgx e¨vsK GKwU e¨emv cÖwZôvb| †hLv‡b my‡`I †Kvb Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB| my` †`q bv Ges my` MÖnYI K‡I bv| e¨emvq ÿwZ n‡j Zvc~iY K‡I †`q hv‡K e‡jb Gnmvb| hLb †Kvb cÖwZôvb e¨emv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z wM‡q weeªZKi Ae¯’vq c‡o Ges Gi d‡j gybvdvi cwigvY K‡g hvq A_ev KLbI KLbI ÿwZi gy‡LvgywL nq ZLb Bmjvgx e¨vsK Zvi GB Ae¯’v‡K mvgvj †`qvi Rb¨ me ai‡bi mn‡hvwMZvi nvZ evwo‡q †`q Ges gybvdv gIKz‡di cvkvcvwk e¨emv‡K cybivq `uvo Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ mwVK ZË¡veav‡bi cvkvcvwk Avw_©K mn‡hvwMZvi nvZ cÖmvwiZ K‡i| G‡`‡ki AwaKvsk gvbylB gymjgvb Ges ag©fxiæ| Awf‡hvM i‡q‡Q, Gme ag©fxiæ gymjgvb‡K cuywR K‡I GK‡kÖYxi gvbyl Z_v Avw_©K cÖwZôvb e¨emv Ki‡Q-Ggb cÖ‡kœi Rev‡e wZwZb e‡jb, G K_v wVK †h, GLb e¨vswKs KvVv‡gvi evB‡iI exgvLv‡Zi †ek wKQz BÝy¨‡iÝ †Kv¤úvwb BmjvwgK e¨e¯’vq cÖwZôvb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| GwU wbqš¿K ms¯’vi Aby‡gv`‡bB cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| GLb †`Lvi welq Gme e¨vsK I exgv †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z h_vh_fv‡e Bmjvgx bxwZ gvjv AbymiY Ki‡Q wKbv| e¯‘Z, GwU †`Lvi `vwqZ¡ evsjv‡`k e¨vsK I exgv wbqš¿K ms¯’vi| wKš‘ e¨vsK-MÖvnK m¤ú‡K©I Kvi‡Y e¨emvwqK A‡bK Z_¨ Avgiv †R‡b _vwK| hv‡Z, e¨vsK wKsev exgv †Kv¤úvwbi AwZwi³ e¨emvi K_v Avgiv †R‡b _vwK| Avgv‡`i g‡b ivLvi `iKvi †h, ag©‡K cuywR K‡I e¨emv Kivi my‡hvM †bB| ag© n‡”Q gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨| ag© Rxe‡bi evB‡ii wKQz bq| GQvov, GLv‡b gvby‡li Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mewKQzB Av‡Q| ïay dg©vj agx©q AvPvi-AvPiYB bq eis gvby‡li Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU Kvh©Kjvc wKfv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡e Zvi c~Y©v½ weavbB n‡”Q Bmjvg| wPwKrmv, mgvR‡mev, Mvn©¯^¨bxwZ, A_©bxwZ, e¨emv-evwYR¨, ivóªcwiPvjbv †_‡K ïiæ K‡I AwZ Zz”Q welq¸‡jvI ev` c‡owb| ZvB agx©q weavb AbyhvqxB e¨emv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e ag© e¨emvwqK cY¨ bq, Z‡e e¨emv cwiPvwjZ n‡e agx©q weavb Abyhvqx| ZvB cweÎ Avj-‡KviAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q-Avjøvq Zvqvjv e¨emv‡K nvjj K‡i‡Qb I my`‡K K‡i‡Qb nvivg| †KvAvb-mybœvn, BRgv I wKqvm AbyhvqxB cwiPvwjZ nIqv DwPZ| G‡`‡ki 90 kZvsk gvbyl gymjgvb _vKv m‡Ë¡I wewfbœ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb¸‡jv kwiqvwfwËK cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q bv-cÖ‡kœi Rev‡e W. nvqv`I e‡jb, Avm‡j G‡ki Rb¥ †_‡KB cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v P‡j G‡m‡Q| G‡`‡ki e¨emvwqK mgvR, MYgvbyl G e¨e¯’vi m‡½ wb‡R‡`I A‡bKUvB gvwb‡q wb‡q‡Qb| Avi Avwki `k‡Ki ïiæ‡Z Pvjy nq Bmjvgx e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v| GKwU bZzb KvVv‡gvi MÖnY Avcbv‡K wKQzUv mgq w`‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ †`Lyb, wesk kZvãxi c‡I evsjv‡`‡k †h KwU e¨vsK Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q AwaKvskB Bmjvgx e¨vsK| GLb cÖPwjZ e¨vsK¸‡jv‡Z Avjv`vfv‡e ÕBmjvgx e¨vsK kvLvÕ Ly‡j‡Q| GiciI eje, 90 fvM gymjgv‡bi GB †`‡ki Avw_©K cÖwZôvb¸‡jv kwiqvi bxwZgvjvq bv P‡j my`wbf©I bxwZgvjvq Pjvi †cQ‡b gybvdv AvniYB cÖavb KviY| evsjv‡`‡ki Avw_©K KvVv‡gvi wewfbœ m~P‡Ki AebwZ wb‡q B‡Zvg‡a¨ wek¦e¨vsK, AvBGgGd, Gkxq Dbœqb e¨vsKmn wewfbœ `vZv‡Mvôx Zv‡`I D‡Ø‡Mi K_v Rwb‡q‡Q| †`‡ki Avw_©K Lv‡Zi Ab¨Zg e„Zn Dcv`vb Õe¨vsKÕ| gvby‡li
3. Avq-e ¨‡qi wewfbœ m~P‡Ki cvkvcvwk fv‡jv-g‡›`I A‡bK wKI e¨vsKvi‡`i gv‡S myPKvqb n‡q _v‡K| ïay †h Avg`vwbidZvwb wKsev wewb‡qvM-Avgvb‡Zi Mfxi wnmvevqbB e¨vsKvi K‡I _v‡Kb Zv wKš‘ bq| GKRb e¨vsKvi wn‡m‡e A_©bxwZi UvjgvUvj A‡bK m~P‡Ki m‡½ Avgv`‡iI wfo‡Z n‡”Q, wnmve-wbKv‡ki gvicu¨v‡P KwVb K‡I wnmve Kl‡Z n‡”Q| A_©vr GKRb MÖvnK wKsev FYMÖnxZvi Avq-e¨‡qi cÖwZdjbB A‡bK e¨vs‡Ki gybvdv| g~j¨ùxwZ‡K †hgb A_©bxwZi ÕNvZKÕ ejv nq, †Zgwb e¨vswKs Lv‡Zi NvZK ejv nq Õ‡LjvwcÕ FY‡K| wKš‘ FY _vK‡j †Zv †Ljvwc n‡e| GB FYcÖvwß GLb KwVb n‡q †M‡Q| evi evi wnmve wgjv‡Z n‡”Q FYMÖnxZvi Avq-e¨q‡K| †evaKwi e¨vswKs Lv‡Zi bZzb cY¨ wn‡m‡e Avwef©~Z n‡”QÕgybvdv SuywKÕ| hv‡Z D‡`¨v³, †kqvi‡nvìvimn mswkøó‡`I bRi †ewk _v‡K| D`vniY¯^iƒc Rb¥jMœ †_‡KB Gw·g e¨vsK evRviwfwËK I e¨emvgyLx| GKwU hZœkxj e¨vsK wn‡m‡e GwU Zvi MÖvnK‡`I Rb¨ cÖwZ eQiB bZzb Kg©cwiKíbv I e¨emvwqK †KŠkj MÖnY K‡I Avm‡Q| PjwZ eQiI Kg©-web¨v‡mi AZxZ aviv Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e| †hLv‡b i‡q‡Q e¨vsK-MÖvnK m¤ú‡K©I wbweo ZË¡veavb| PjwZ eQi XvKv, PÆMÖvg, wm‡jU, ewikvj I DËivÂjmn †`‡ki †ek wKQz RvqMvq cÖvq 10 wU kvLv †Lvjvi cwiKíbv i‡q‡Q| †`‡ki A_©bxZwi m¤¢vebvq GmGgB wk‡í A_©vqb evov‡Z B‡Zvg‡a¨ GmGgB mvwf©m †m›Uvi †Lvjv n‡q‡Q| Gme †m›Uvi I we`¨gvb kvLv¸‡jvi gva¨‡g G eQi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigvY wewb‡qvM Kiv n‡e| G QvovI Pvjy Kiv n‡e BmjvwgK bZzb bZzb †cÖvWv±, hv Bmjvwg e¨vswKs m¤ú‡K© gvby‡li gv‡S AviI †ewk Av¯’v m„wó Ki‡e| GiB avivevwnKZvq evsjv‡`‡ki kwiqvwfwËK Bmjvgx evwYwR¨K e¨vsK ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Gw·g e¨vsKB cÖ_g Õwfmv BmjvwgK KvW©Õ Pvjy Ki‡Q| g~jZ, kwiqvwfwËK Bmjvwg e¨vswKs e¨e¯’vq wek¦vmx MÖvnK‡`I cÖwZ cÖwZkÖæwZi Ask wn‡m‡eB †cÖvWv±wU Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk †`‡ki KvW© gv‡K©‡Ui †h eo AskwU (‡µZv) cøvmwUK gvwbi wewfbœ myweav †_‡K ewÂZ Zv‡iI BmjvwgK Kv‡W©I nvi I Kg PvR© wb‡”Q| me wgwj‡q PjwZ eQ‡I †`‡ki Drcv`bkxj LvZmn Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© LvZ¸‡jv‡Z wewb‡qvM evov‡bvi cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q|