Official designation for informal partnership during Fatimids (AD 969–1171) and ’Ayubid (AD 1183–1260) Egypt.
Al-ma'adin al-zahir
Al-qintar
Al-’aqilah
Al-tamassuk
Al-falah
Al-‘ushr
VAP (Value-Added Participation)
Darura
Iqta al-tamlik
Suftajah
Email 