Official designation for informal partnership during Fatimids (AD 969–1171) and ’Ayubid (AD 1183–1260) Egypt.
Al-sadaqah al-jariah
Al-tabdhir
Al-faqr
Al-isti faf
VAP (Value-Added Participation)
Al-sariqah
Al-muwafaqah wal jam‘ah
’ard al-saih
Ja'ihah
Al-ikhtiyar
Email 